Peptides are short chains of amino acids, typically containing 2-50 amino acids. They are essentially small proteins that play important biological roles. Some key things to know about peptides:
Peptides are synthesized from amino acids primarily through the process of translation. During translation, RNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes. The ribosomes then link amino acids together, as directed by the RNA sequence, into chains called polypeptides. These chains then fold into proteins or remain as shorter peptide chains.
Peptides like hormones bind to specific receptors on the surface of cells. This peptide-receptor binding triggers cascades of cellular signals that ultimately lead to specific physiological responses. So in essence, peptides help cells communicate - they are powerful signaling molecules.
Key techniques include mass spectrometry to identify and characterize peptides, X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy to determine peptide structures, and techniques like fluorescent labeling to track peptides in cells or living organisms. There are also high-throughput methods like peptide microarrays to study many peptides at once.
At New Beginnings HRT Clinic, our team stays on the cutting edge of new advancements in peptide therapies and anti-aging treatments. Contact us today to learn more!